Spirochaete

rdf:langString Spirochaete

rdf:langString Spirochaetes

rdf:langString Paster 2020

rdf:langString Treponema pallidum.jpg

rdf:langString Garrity and Holt 2021

rdf:langString * Brachyspirales * Brevinematales * Leptospirales * Spirochaetales * "Treponematales"

rdf:langString Orders

rdf:langString * Spirochaetota: ** "Protozoobacteriales" (Prévot 1958) ** "Spirochaetae" (Cavalier-Smith 2002) ** "Spirochaetaeota" (Oren et al. 2015) ** "Spirochaetes" (Garrity and Holt 2001) ** "Spirochaetota" (Whitman et al. 2018) * Spirochaetia: ** Spirochaetes (Cavalier-Smith 2002) ** "Spirochaetia" (Cavalier-Smith 2020) ** "Leptospiria" (Cavalier-Smith 2020)

rdf:langString Spirochaetia

rdf:langString A spirochaete (/ˈspaɪroʊˌkiːt/) or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota (/-ˈkiːtiːz/), (synonym Spirochaetes) which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled, hence the name) cells. Spirochaetes are chemoheterotrophic in nature, with lengths between 3 and 500 μm and diameters around 0.09 to at least 3 μm. Spirochaetes are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagella, called endoflagella which are sometimes called axial filaments. Endoflagella are anchored at each end (pole) of the bacterium within the periplasmic space (between the inner and outer membranes) where they project backwards to extend the length of the cell. These cause a twisting motion which allows the spirochaete to move about. When reproducing, a spirochaete will undergo asexual transverse binary fission. Most spirochaetes are free-living and anaerobic, but there are numerous exceptions. Spirochaete bacteria are diverse in their pathogenic capacity and the ecological niches that they inhabit, as well as molecular characteristics including guanine-cytosine content and genome size.

rdf:langString Treponema pallidum, a spirochaete which causes syphilis