Permesta
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Permesta an entity of type: Thing
Perjuangan Semesta atau Perjuangan Rakyat Semesta (ejaan Republik: Perdjuangan Rakjat Semesta) disingkat Permesta adalah sebuah gerakan militer di Indonesia. Gerakan ini dideklarasikan oleh pemimpin militer dan sipil Indonesia bagian timur pada tanggal 2 Maret 1957. Pusat gerakan ini mulanya berada di Makassar yang pada waktu itu merupakan ibu kota Sulawesi. Namun perlahan-lahan dukungan di Sulawesi bagian selatan mulai hilang sehingga pada 1957 markas Permesta dipindahkan ke Manado yang berada di bagian utara Sulawesi. Di sini timbul kontak senjata dengan pasukan pemerintah pusat sampai mencapai gencatan senjata pada tahun 1961.
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Permesta was a rebel movement in Indonesia, its name based on the Universal Struggle Charter (or Piagam Perjuangan Semesta) that was declared on 2 March 1957 by civil and military leaders in East Indonesia. Initially the center of the movement was in Makassar, which at that time was the capital of the province of Sulawesi. However, support for the movement in South Sulawesi gradually dissipated, forcing the headquarters to move to Manado in North Sulawesi.
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La Permesta (Piagam Perjuangan Semesta, en français : Charte pour une lutte universelle) désigne un mouvement rebelle et séparatiste d'Indonésie lancé par des dirigeants civils et militaires d'Indonésie orientale le 2 mars 1957. Le quartier général du mouvement est basé à Manado, la capitale de la province de Sulawesi du Nord. Son dirigeant est le colonel Ventje Sumual. Un autre officier originaire de la province, Alexander Evert Kawilarang, est général dans l'armée de la Permesta après avoir démissionné de son poste d'attaché militaire à l'ambassade d'Indonésie à Washington.
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Permesta foi um movimento rebelde da Indonésia, cujo nome foi baseado no Piagam Perjuangan Semesta (Carta de Luta Universal), declarado pelos líderes civis e militares no leste da Indonésia em 2 de março de 1957. O quartel-general do movimento estava em Manado, em Sulawesi, e o foi liderado pelo Coronel Ventje Sumual. renunciou à sua posição como adido militar indonésio nos Estados Unidos para se tornar general no exército de Permesta.
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Permesta
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Permesta
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Permesta
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Permesta
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Permesta Rebellion
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Permesta
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1451932
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1122189726
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1957
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PRRI
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--04-04
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Indonesian Navy Commando Corps in Amurang
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Indonesian Navy in swamps chasing PERMESTA troops
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Indonesian marines moving toward Amurang
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Indonesian marines on Morotai Island
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Langowan airfield occupied by the Indonesian marines
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Indonesian Navy military operations against Permesta and PRRI in 1958
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2000
4000
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Supported by:
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* CIA
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Permesta
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PRRI
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Sukarno
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Support:
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Allen Lawrence Pope
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A.H. Nasution
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Joop Warouw
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Omar Dhani
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Sjafruddin Prawiranegara
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William H. Beale
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Col. Djamin Ginting
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Permesta Rebellion
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--02-22
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Piagam Perjuangan Semesta
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id
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the Permesta–PRRI rebellion, Cold War, and the CIA activities in Indonesia
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Sulawesi, Kalimantan and the Maluku Islands.
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Indonesian government victory
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La Permesta (Piagam Perjuangan Semesta, en français : Charte pour une lutte universelle) désigne un mouvement rebelle et séparatiste d'Indonésie lancé par des dirigeants civils et militaires d'Indonésie orientale le 2 mars 1957. Le quartier général du mouvement est basé à Manado, la capitale de la province de Sulawesi du Nord. Son dirigeant est le colonel Ventje Sumual. Un autre officier originaire de la province, Alexander Evert Kawilarang, est général dans l'armée de la Permesta après avoir démissionné de son poste d'attaché militaire à l'ambassade d'Indonésie à Washington. Dès le début de l'année 1958, la Permesta s'allie aux rebelles du gouvernement révolutionnaire de la République d'Indonésie (Pemerintah Revolusioner Republik Indonesia, PRRI) basés à Sumatra. Après les victoires du gouvernement central sur le PRRI, le conflit bascule à l'est, là où les rebelles Permesta sont actifs. Les forces du gouvernement central réussissent à capturer la capitale des Permesta, Manado, à la fin du mois de juin 1958. Les rebelles de la Permesta continuent alors de combattre les troupes gouvernementales jusqu'à la reddition des derniers éléments. Une amnistie leur est accordée en 1961.
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Permesta was a rebel movement in Indonesia, its name based on the Universal Struggle Charter (or Piagam Perjuangan Semesta) that was declared on 2 March 1957 by civil and military leaders in East Indonesia. Initially the center of the movement was in Makassar, which at that time was the capital of the province of Sulawesi. However, support for the movement in South Sulawesi gradually dissipated, forcing the headquarters to move to Manado in North Sulawesi. On 17 February 1958, Permesta joined forces with the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PRRI or Pemerintah Revolusioner Republik Indonesia) based in Sumatra that declared a revolutionary government two days earlier. Following successful attacks by government forces (TNI) from the Indonesian central government on the PRRI in Sumatra, the conflict swung to the east where the Permesta rebels were based. Manado was captured at the end of June 1958. However, the Permesta rebels continued their resistance, fighting a guerrilla campaign against the TNI until the last remnants surrendered and were given amnesty in 1961. The conflict killed 4,000 government soldiers and 2,000 Permesta rebels.
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Perjuangan Semesta atau Perjuangan Rakyat Semesta (ejaan Republik: Perdjuangan Rakjat Semesta) disingkat Permesta adalah sebuah gerakan militer di Indonesia. Gerakan ini dideklarasikan oleh pemimpin militer dan sipil Indonesia bagian timur pada tanggal 2 Maret 1957. Pusat gerakan ini mulanya berada di Makassar yang pada waktu itu merupakan ibu kota Sulawesi. Namun perlahan-lahan dukungan di Sulawesi bagian selatan mulai hilang sehingga pada 1957 markas Permesta dipindahkan ke Manado yang berada di bagian utara Sulawesi. Di sini timbul kontak senjata dengan pasukan pemerintah pusat sampai mencapai gencatan senjata pada tahun 1961.
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Permesta foi um movimento rebelde da Indonésia, cujo nome foi baseado no Piagam Perjuangan Semesta (Carta de Luta Universal), declarado pelos líderes civis e militares no leste da Indonésia em 2 de março de 1957. O quartel-general do movimento estava em Manado, em Sulawesi, e o foi liderado pelo Coronel Ventje Sumual. renunciou à sua posição como adido militar indonésio nos Estados Unidos para se tornar general no exército de Permesta. Em 17 de fevereiro de 1958, as forças do Permesta aliaram-se com os rebeldes do (em indonésio: Pemerintah Revolusioner Republik Indonesia, PRRI) baseados em Sumatra, que haviam declarado um governo revolucionário dois dias antes. Depois dos ataques bem-sucedidos do governo central contra o PRRI em Sumatra, o conflito voltou-se para o leste, onde os rebeldes Permesta estavam baseados. As forças do governo central conseguiram capturar Manado, a capital dos Permesta, no final de junho de 1958. No entanto, os rebeldes do Permesta continuaram sua resistência, lutando numa campanha de guerrilha contra as tropas do governo central até que os últimos remanescentes se rendessem e recebessem uma anistia em 1961.
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70693
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4,000 soldiers killed
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*CIA
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Permesta
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Supported by:
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PRRI
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1958-02-22
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Indonesian governmentvictory
