Modern immigration to the United Kingdom

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Since 1945, immigration to the United Kingdom, controlled by British immigration law and to an extent by British nationality law, has been significant, in particular from the Republic of Ireland and from the former British Empire, especially India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Caribbean, South Africa, Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, and Hong Kong. Since the accession of the UK to the European Communities in the 1970s and the creation of the EU in the early 1990s, immigrants relocated from member states of the European Union, exercising one of the European Union's Four Freedoms. In 2021, since Brexit came into effect, previous EU citizenship's right to newly move to and reside in the UK on a permanent basis does not apply anymore. A smaller number have come as asylum seekers (not included in the defini rdf:langString

Desde a formação do Reino Unido da Grã-Bretanha e Irlanda do Norte, em 1922 houve substancial imigração de outras partes do mundo. Em particular, os migrantes chegaram da Irlanda, e das ex-colônias do Império Britânico - tais como Índia, Bangladesh, Paquistão, Caraíbas, África do Sul, Quênia e Hong Kong - sob . Outros vieram com pedidos de asilo político, buscando proteção como refugiados pela das Nações Unidas, ou dos Estados membros da União Europeia (UE) exercendo uma das dos países da União Europeia. rdf:langString

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rdf:langString Modern immigration to the United Kingdom

rdf:langString Imigração para o Reino Unido (1922-presente)

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rdf:langString Foreign born population of the United Kingdom by country of birth and nationality

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rdf:langString Since 1945, immigration to the United Kingdom, controlled by British immigration law and to an extent by British nationality law, has been significant, in particular from the Republic of Ireland and from the former British Empire, especially India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Caribbean, South Africa, Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, and Hong Kong. Since the accession of the UK to the European Communities in the 1970s and the creation of the EU in the early 1990s, immigrants relocated from member states of the European Union, exercising one of the European Union's Four Freedoms. In 2021, since Brexit came into effect, previous EU citizenship's right to newly move to and reside in the UK on a permanent basis does not apply anymore. A smaller number have come as asylum seekers (not included in the definition of immigration) seeking protection as refugees under the United Nations 1951 Refugee Convention. About 70% of the population increase between the 2001 and 2011 censuses was due to foreign-born immigration. 7.5 million people (11.9% of the population at the time) were born overseas, although the census gives no indication of their immigration status or intended length of stay. Provisional figures show that in 2013, 526,000 people arrived to live in the UK whilst 314,000 left, meaning that net inward migration was 212,000. The number of people immigrating to the UK increased between 2012 and 2013 by 28,000, whereas the number emigrating fell by 7,000. From April 2013 to April 2014, a total of 560,000 immigrants were estimated to have arrived in the UK, including 81,000 British citizens and 214,000 from other parts of the EU. An estimated 317,000 people left, including 131,000 British citizens and 83,000 other EU citizens. The top countries represented in terms of arrivals were: China, India, Poland, the United States, and Australia. In 2014, approximately 125,800 foreign citizens were naturalised as British citizens. This figure fell from around 208,000 in 2013, which was the highest figure recorded since 1962, when records began. Between 2009 and 2013, the average number of people granted British citizenship per year was 195,800. The main countries of previous nationality of those naturalised in 2014 were: India, Pakistan, the Philippines, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Nepal, China, South Africa, Poland and Somalia. The UK Government can also grant settlement to foreign nationals, which confers on them permanent residence in the UK, without granting them British citizenship. Grants of settlement are made on the basis of various factors, including employment, family formation and reunification, and asylum (including to deal with backlogs of asylum cases). The total number of grants of settlement was approximately 154,700 in 2013, compared to 241,200 in 2010 and 129,800 in 2012. In comparison, migration to and from Central and Eastern Europe has increased since 2004 with the accession to the European Union of eight Central and Eastern European states, since there is free movement of labour within the EU. In 2008, the UK Government began phasing in a new points-based immigration system for people from outside of the European Economic Area.

rdf:langString Desde a formação do Reino Unido da Grã-Bretanha e Irlanda do Norte, em 1922 houve substancial imigração de outras partes do mundo. Em particular, os migrantes chegaram da Irlanda, e das ex-colônias do Império Britânico - tais como Índia, Bangladesh, Paquistão, Caraíbas, África do Sul, Quênia e Hong Kong - sob . Outros vieram com pedidos de asilo político, buscando proteção como refugiados pela das Nações Unidas, ou dos Estados membros da União Europeia (UE) exercendo uma das dos países da União Europeia. Cerca de metade da população aumentou entre os censos de e devido a imigração dos . 4,9 milhões de pessoas (8,3 por cento da população na época) nasceram no estrangeiro, apesar do censo não dar qualquer indicação do seu status de imigração ou intenção da duração de permanência. Em 2006, registraram-se 149.035 pedidos de cidadania britânica, 32 por cento menos do que em 2005. O número de pessoas que receberam a cidadania durante o ano de 2006 foi de 154.095, 5 por cento menos do que em 2005. Os maiores grupos de pessoas que receberam a cidadania britânica eram da Índia, Paquistão, Somália e das Filipinas. Em 2006, 134.430 pessoas receberam a cidadania britânica no Reino Unido, uma queda de 25 por cento em relação a 2005. Entretanto, a migração da Europa Central e Europa Oriental tem aumentado desde 2004 com a adesão à União Europeia, de oito Estados da Europa Central e Oriental, uma vez que existe dentro da União Europeia. O governo do Reino Unido está atualmente a introduzindo progressivamente de um novo para pessoas de fora do Espaço Econômico Europeu.

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