Hindkowans

rdf:langString Hindkowans

rdf:langString Hindkowans (lit. "Indian-speakers"), also known as the Hindki, is a contemporary designation for speakers of Indo-Aryan languages who live among the neighbouring Pashtuns, particularly the speakers of various Hindko dialects of Lahnda. The origins of the term refer merely to "Indian speaking" people (i.e. speakers of Indo-Aryan languages) rather than to any particular ethnic group. The term is not only applied to several forms of "Northern Lahnda" but also to the Saraiki dialects of the districts of Dera Ghazi Khan, Mianwali, and Dera Ismail Khan, which border the southern Pashto-speaking areas. There is also a small diaspora in Afghanistan, which includes members of the Sikh and Hindu community who became established there during the Sikh Empire in the first half of the 19th century. Most of them have emigrated since the rise of the Taliban, and the total population of Sikhs, Hindko-speaking or not, was estimated at around 300 families (as of 2018). They are commonly known as Hindki. Those Hindko speakers, mainly Hindu and Sikhs, who after the partition of India migrated to the independent republic, identify with the broader Punjabi community; and reside the Indian states of Punjab and Jammu & Kashmir. Prior to the partition of India, the Hindu and Sikh Hindkowans exercised urban economic power in the North-West Frontier Province of colonial India. They were primarily traders and merchants and over time, settled in areas as far as Kalat, Balochistan.