Confidence motions in the United Kingdom

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In the United Kingdom, confidence motions are a means of testing the support of the government (executive) in a legislative body, and for the legislature to remove the government from office. A confidence motion may take the form of either a vote of confidence, usually put forward by the government, or a vote of no confidence (or censure motion), usually proposed by the opposition. When such a motion is put to a vote in the legislature, if a vote of confidence is defeated, or a vote of no confidence is passed, then the incumbent government must resign, or call a general election. rdf:langString

Mosi tidak percaya, yang disebut juga dengan pemungutan suara kepercayaan, suara tidak percaya atau kecaman gerakan, adalah sebuah fitur dari sistem Westminster dari pemerintah yang digunakan di Inggris Raya yang membutuhkan executive untuk mempertahankan kepercayaan dari House of Commons. Ini adalah prinsip dasar dari konstitusi Inggris bahwa Pemerintah harus mempertahankan kepercayaan dari badan legislatif karena tidak mungkin bagi Pemerintah untuk beroperasi secara efektif tanpa dukungan dari mayoritas legislatif. rdf:langString

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rdf:langString Confidence motions in the United Kingdom

rdf:langString Mosi tidak percaya di Britania Raya

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rdf:langString In the United Kingdom, confidence motions are a means of testing the support of the government (executive) in a legislative body, and for the legislature to remove the government from office. A confidence motion may take the form of either a vote of confidence, usually put forward by the government, or a vote of no confidence (or censure motion), usually proposed by the opposition. When such a motion is put to a vote in the legislature, if a vote of confidence is defeated, or a vote of no confidence is passed, then the incumbent government must resign, or call a general election. It is a fundamental principle of the British constitution that the government must retain the confidence of the legislature, as it is not possible for a government to operate effectively without the support of the majority of the people's representatives. At the national level, this means that the UK government (the cabinet) must retain the confidence of a majority in the House of Commons. It is possible for a vote of no confidence to succeed where there is a minority government or a small majority, or where there are internal party splits leading to some members of the ruling party voting against its leaders. Where there is a minority government, the government may seek agreements or pacts with other parties in order to prevail in the vote and remain in office. Despite their importance to the constitution, for a long time the rules surrounding motions of no confidence were dictated solely by convention. Under the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011, a vote of no confidence had to be passed in a specific form in order to create the possibility of an early general election. Under the Act, if a motion of no confidence in the government was passed in express terms, the house must then adopt a vote of confidence in that same or an alternative government within 14 days, or a general election be held. These practices were ended in 2022, with the repeal of the 2011 Act. A no-confidence vote was last successfully used on 28 March 1979, when the minority government of James Callaghan was defeated. A no-confidence vote can have the effect of uniting the ruling party; for this reason such motions are rarely used and successful motions are even rarer. Before 1979 the last successful motion of no confidence occurred in 1924. The most recent confidence vote instigated by the opposition was held on 16 January 2019, with the government prevailing. Defeat of a motion of no confidence (or winning a vote of confidence) does not provide protection to the government in power for any specific length of time. MPs from any political party may propose another vote immediately, although are unlikely to do so due to convention and potential weakening of their own standing.

rdf:langString Mosi tidak percaya, yang disebut juga dengan pemungutan suara kepercayaan, suara tidak percaya atau kecaman gerakan, adalah sebuah fitur dari sistem Westminster dari pemerintah yang digunakan di Inggris Raya yang membutuhkan executive untuk mempertahankan kepercayaan dari House of Commons. Ini adalah prinsip dasar dari konstitusi Inggris bahwa Pemerintah harus mempertahankan kepercayaan dari badan legislatif karena tidak mungkin bagi Pemerintah untuk beroperasi secara efektif tanpa dukungan dari mayoritas legislatif. Sangat mungkin untuk mosi tidak percaya diri untuk berhasil di mana ada pemerintah minoritas, sebagian kecil atau di mana ada perpecahan internal partai. Di mana ada pemerintah minoritas, pemerintah dapat mencari perjanjian atau pakta dengan partai-partai kecil dalam rangka untuk tetap menjabat. Meskipun pentingnya mosi untuk konstitusi Inggris, untuk waktu yang lama aturan mosi tidak percaya ditentukan oleh konvensi. Namun, karena Undang-Undang Parlemen Masa Jabatan Sah 2011, mosi tidak percaya berarti pemerintah memiliki 14 hari untuk memenangkan suara kepercayaan atau diadakan pemilihan umum. Mosi tidak percaya terakhir berhasil digunakan pada tanggal 28 Maret 1979, ketika pemerintah minoritas James Callaghan telah melakukan gerakan tidak percaya yang berbunyi "Bahwa legislatif ini tidak memiliki kepercayaan pada Pemerintah Mulia". Sebuah mosi tidak percaya dapat memiliki efek menyatukan partai yang berkuasa; untuk alasan ini gerakan semacam itu jarang digunakan dan kesuksesan gerakan ini bahkan lebih jarang. Sebelum tahun 1979, mosi tidak percaya sukses terakhir terjadi pada tahun 1924.

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