Watson Brake
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Watson_Brake an entity of type: Place
Watson Brake ist ein archäologischer Fundort aus der mittleren Archaischen Periode südlich von Monroe, im Ouachita Parish, Louisiana. Gefunden wurde ein komplexes Erdwerk aus elf als Mounds bezeichneten künstlichen Erdhügeln unterschiedlicher Höhe, die durch mehrere lang gestreckte Rücken zu einem Oval mit etwa 300 m in Ost-West- und rund 200 m in Nord-Süd-Richtung auf einer Gesamtfläche von etwa neun Hektar verbunden sind. Die Mounds einer Jäger-, Sammler- und Fischerkultur werden auf 3500–3000 v. Chr. datiert und stellen damit das älteste bekannte komplexe Bauwerk in Amerika da.
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Watson Brake is an archaeological site in present-day Ouachita Parish, Louisiana, from the Archaic period. Dated to about 5400 years ago (approx. 3500 BCE), Watson Brake is considered the oldest earthwork mound complex in North America. It is older than the Ancient Egyptian pyramids or Britain’s Stonehenge. Its discovery and dating in a paper published in 1997 changed the ideas of American archaeologists about ancient cultures in the Southeastern United States and their ability to manage large, complex projects over centuries. The archeologists revised their date of the oldest earthwork construction by nearly 2000 years, as well as having to recognize that it was developed over centuries by a hunter-gatherer society, rather than by what was known to be more common of other, later mound sit
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Watson Brake è un sito archeologico preistorico che si trova nella Parrocchia di Ouachita nella Louisiana nord-orientale negli Stati Uniti. Il sito è posto nella pianura alluvionale del fiume Ouachita a circa 15 km a sud di Monroe. Il sito appartiene alla fase Arcaica della preistoria americana e contiene i resti di 11 tumuli collegati fra loro da un crinale che formano un ovale con il diametro maggiore lungo 280 metri. Il tumulo più grande, il tumulo A (rinominato Gentry Mound in onore della famiglia proprietaria del terreno) è alto 7,5 m., mentre gli altri sono fra 4,5 e 1 metri di altezza. La datazione dei reperti effettuata con il metodo del carbonio-14 indica che essi datano a circa 5400-5300 anni prima del presente, ossia a circa il 3400 a.C. essi sono pertanto i più antichi del nord
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Уотсон-Брейк (англ. Watson Brake) ― археологический памятник, расположенный в приходе Уошито штата Луизиана в США. Он был построен предками современных индейцев в период с VI по IV тысячелетие до н.э. Уотсон-Брейк считается старейшим комплексом земляных насыпей в Северной Америке ― он старше древнеегипетских пирамид и британского Стоунхенджа. Его открытие в начале 1980-х годов изменило представления американских археологов о древних культурах на юго-востоке США. Уотсон-Брейк был окончательно заброшен около 4800 лет назад после того, как река Арканзас изменила своё русло.
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Watson Brake
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Watson Brake
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Уотсон-Брейк
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Watson Brake
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Watson Brake
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Artist's conception of the Watson Brake Site
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Logtown, Ouachita Parish, Louisiana, USA
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Location within Louisiana today##
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Louisiana#USA#North America
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Watson Brake ist ein archäologischer Fundort aus der mittleren Archaischen Periode südlich von Monroe, im Ouachita Parish, Louisiana. Gefunden wurde ein komplexes Erdwerk aus elf als Mounds bezeichneten künstlichen Erdhügeln unterschiedlicher Höhe, die durch mehrere lang gestreckte Rücken zu einem Oval mit etwa 300 m in Ost-West- und rund 200 m in Nord-Süd-Richtung auf einer Gesamtfläche von etwa neun Hektar verbunden sind. Die Mounds einer Jäger-, Sammler- und Fischerkultur werden auf 3500–3000 v. Chr. datiert und stellen damit das älteste bekannte komplexe Bauwerk in Amerika da. Die Anlage ist nach einem gleichnamigen Wasserlauf benannt, der wiederum den Namen eines früheren Grundeigentümers Watson mit einem altenglischen Begriff für Brachland kombiniert.
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Watson Brake is an archaeological site in present-day Ouachita Parish, Louisiana, from the Archaic period. Dated to about 5400 years ago (approx. 3500 BCE), Watson Brake is considered the oldest earthwork mound complex in North America. It is older than the Ancient Egyptian pyramids or Britain’s Stonehenge. Its discovery and dating in a paper published in 1997 changed the ideas of American archaeologists about ancient cultures in the Southeastern United States and their ability to manage large, complex projects over centuries. The archeologists revised their date of the oldest earthwork construction by nearly 2000 years, as well as having to recognize that it was developed over centuries by a hunter-gatherer society, rather than by what was known to be more common of other, later mound sites: a more sedentary society dependent on maize cultivation and with a hierarchical, centralized polity. The arrangement of human-made mounds at Watson Brake was constructed over centuries by members of a hunter-gatherer society. It is located near Watson Bayou in the floodplain of the Ouachita River, near present-day Monroe in northern Louisiana, United States. Watson Brake consists of an oval formation of eleven earthwork mounds from three to 25 feet (7.6 m) in height, connected by ridges to form an oval nearly 900 feet (270 m) across. Watson Brake is dated to 1,900 years before the better-known Poverty Point in northern Louisiana; begun about 1500 BCE, it was previously thought to be the earliest mound site in North America. Mound building in the Americas started at an early date. The discovery and dating of Watson Brake as a Middle Archaic site demonstrate that the pre-agricultural, pre-ceramic, indigenous cultures within the territory of the present-day United States were much more complex than previously thought. While primarily hunter-gatherers, they planned and organized large work forces over centuries to accomplish the complex mound and ridge constructions. Monumental constructions have marked the rise of social complexity worldwide. The earthen mounds of Eastern North America are linked to mankind's monument tradition.
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Watson Brake è un sito archeologico preistorico che si trova nella Parrocchia di Ouachita nella Louisiana nord-orientale negli Stati Uniti. Il sito è posto nella pianura alluvionale del fiume Ouachita a circa 15 km a sud di Monroe. Il sito appartiene alla fase Arcaica della preistoria americana e contiene i resti di 11 tumuli collegati fra loro da un crinale che formano un ovale con il diametro maggiore lungo 280 metri. Il tumulo più grande, il tumulo A (rinominato Gentry Mound in onore della famiglia proprietaria del terreno) è alto 7,5 m., mentre gli altri sono fra 4,5 e 1 metri di altezza. La datazione dei reperti effettuata con il metodo del carbonio-14 indica che essi datano a circa 5400-5300 anni prima del presente, ossia a circa il 3400 a.C. essi sono pertanto i più antichi del nord-America. Il sito fu inizialmente studiato da un'archeologa dilettante, Reca Jones, che nel 1981, dopo un'operazione di disboscamento della zona, rilevò la forma ovoidale del sito con gli 11 tumuli e i crinali che li collegano. Nel 1990 il sito venne studiato dall'archeologo Joe Saunders che con una squadra della Northeast Louisiana University, fecero varie rilevazione che portarono alla datazione del sito col metodo del radiocarbonio. In questo momento il sito di Watson Brake non è aperto al pubblico. L'Archaeological Conservancy ha acquistato la metà del sito nel 1996 che ha poi venduto allo stato nel tentativo di preservarlo. L'altra metà è di proprietà privata della famiglia Gentry che lo possiede dal 1950.
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Уотсон-Брейк (англ. Watson Brake) ― археологический памятник, расположенный в приходе Уошито штата Луизиана в США. Он был построен предками современных индейцев в период с VI по IV тысячелетие до н.э. Уотсон-Брейк считается старейшим комплексом земляных насыпей в Северной Америке ― он старше древнеегипетских пирамид и британского Стоунхенджа. Его открытие в начале 1980-х годов изменило представления американских археологов о древних культурах на юго-востоке США. Памятник состоит из 11 курганов высотой от 0,914 м до 7,6 м. Эти курганы образуют овал диаметром около 270 м. Уотсон-Брейк использовался как сезонное место жительства небольших групп охотников и собирателей. Уотсон-Брейк был окончательно заброшен около 4800 лет назад после того, как река Арканзас изменила своё русло.
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