San Elizario Salt War
http://dbpedia.org/resource/San_Elizario_Salt_War an entity of type: WikicatConflictsIn1877
The San Elizario Salt War, also known as the Salinero Revolt or the El Paso Salt War, was an extended and complex range war of the mid-19th century that revolved around the ownership and control of immense salt lakes at the base of the Guadalupe Mountains in West Texas. What began in 1866 as a political and legal struggle among Anglo Texan politicians and capitalists gave rise in 1877 to an armed struggle by ethnic Mexican and Tejano inhabitants living on both sides of the Rio Grande near El Paso against a leading politician, who was supported by the Texas Rangers. The struggle reached its climax with the siege and surrender of 20 Texas Rangers to a popular army of perhaps 500 men in the town of San Elizario, Texas. The arrival of the African-American 9th Cavalry and a sheriff's posse of N
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サンエリザリオ塩戦争（サンエリザリオしおせんそう、英: San Elizario Salt War、サリネロ反乱 (Salinero Revolt)またはエル・パソ塩戦争 (El Paso Salt War)とも）は、1877年から1878年にかけてアメリカ合衆国テキサス州西部のにおいて、麓にある巨大な塩湖の所有権を巡って発生した争い。地域柄、アメリカ系住民であるテクシャンとヒスパニックであるテハーノの諍いは断続的に発生していたが、1877年にエルパソ周辺のリオ・グランデ川両岸のテハーノの住民らがテキサス・レンジャーの支援を受けた政治家に対して起こした騒動により、両者の争いは武力闘争へと発展した。闘争は20人のテキサス・レンジャーが500人ほどの住民に包囲され降伏するに至り、アフリカ系アメリカ人のとニューメキシコ準州兵らの保安官民警団の介入により決着をみた。この結果、騒動に関わった何百人ものテハーノがメキシコへ逃亡または永久追放されることになり、それまで地域コミュニティの共有財産として管理されていた塩湖は、武力によって個人がその権利を獲得するに至った。
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A guerra do sal de San Elizario, também chamada de guerra das salinas de San Elizario ou Revolta das Salinas, foi um extenso e complexo conflito ocorrido na parte final do século XIX, envolvendo companhias que disputavam o controle de uma imensa área de abundante produção de sal, na base da montanha de Guadalupe no Oeste do Texas. O que se iniciou em 1866 como uma disputa política e uma batalha legal entre políticos texanos e empresários, terminou como uma disputa armada entre Mexicanos e Tejanos, que viviam as margens do Rio Grande, próximo de El Paso, contra lideranças políticas, que tinham o suporte dos Texas Rangers.
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サンエリザリオ塩戦争
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San Elizario Salt War
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Guerra do Sal de San Elizario
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El Paso Salt War
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Salinero Revolt
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San Elizario Salt War
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the Range Wars
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The San Elizario Salt War, also known as the Salinero Revolt or the El Paso Salt War, was an extended and complex range war of the mid-19th century that revolved around the ownership and control of immense salt lakes at the base of the Guadalupe Mountains in West Texas. What began in 1866 as a political and legal struggle among Anglo Texan politicians and capitalists gave rise in 1877 to an armed struggle by ethnic Mexican and Tejano inhabitants living on both sides of the Rio Grande near El Paso against a leading politician, who was supported by the Texas Rangers. The struggle reached its climax with the siege and surrender of 20 Texas Rangers to a popular army of perhaps 500 men in the town of San Elizario, Texas. The arrival of the African-American 9th Cavalry and a sheriff's posse of New Mexico mercenaries caused hundreds of Tejanos to flee to Mexico, some in permanent exile. The right of individuals to own the salt lakes, which had previously been held as a community asset, was established by force of arms. The conflict began as a local quarrel and grew in stages to finally occupy the attention of both the Texas and federal governments. Newspaper editors throughout the nation covered the story, often with frenzied tone and in lurid detail. At the conflict's height, as many as 650 men bore arms. About 20 to 30 men were killed in the 12-year fight for salt, and perhaps double that number were wounded. Traditionally, the uprising of Mexican-Americans during the San Elizario Salt War has been described by historians as a bloody riot by a howling mob. The Texas Rangers who surrendered, especially their commander, have been described as unfit. More recent scholarship has placed the war within the context of the long and often violent social struggle of Mexican-Americans to be treated as equal citizens in the United States and not as a subjugated people. Most recently, the "mob" has been described as an organized political-military insurgency with the goal of re-establishing local control of their fundamental political rights and economic future.
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サンエリザリオ塩戦争（サンエリザリオしおせんそう、英: San Elizario Salt War、サリネロ反乱 (Salinero Revolt)またはエル・パソ塩戦争 (El Paso Salt War)とも）は、1877年から1878年にかけてアメリカ合衆国テキサス州西部のにおいて、麓にある巨大な塩湖の所有権を巡って発生した争い。地域柄、アメリカ系住民であるテクシャンとヒスパニックであるテハーノの諍いは断続的に発生していたが、1877年にエルパソ周辺のリオ・グランデ川両岸のテハーノの住民らがテキサス・レンジャーの支援を受けた政治家に対して起こした騒動により、両者の争いは武力闘争へと発展した。闘争は20人のテキサス・レンジャーが500人ほどの住民に包囲され降伏するに至り、アフリカ系アメリカ人のとニューメキシコ準州兵らの保安官民警団の介入により決着をみた。この結果、騒動に関わった何百人ものテハーノがメキシコへ逃亡または永久追放されることになり、それまで地域コミュニティの共有財産として管理されていた塩湖は、武力によって個人がその権利を獲得するに至った。 この騒動は、地域の小競り合いという認識がなされていたが、次第に大きな問題となり、最終的にはテキサス州政府と連邦政府の目に留まるまでに至った。全米の新聞各社もこぞってこの問題を取り上げ、恣意的な報道がなされた。およそ12年にわたる塩湖を巡る争いは、最盛期には650人ほどが武器を手にする大騒動に発展し、およそ20から30人が死亡し、その倍以上の人々が負傷したと見られる。 これまでテハーノによる闘争は歴史研究者たちによって血生臭い暴動という見方がなされてきたが、近年では彼らが平等な市民として扱われることを求めた社会闘争であると位置付ける動きもある。2008年に出版された"Salt Warriors: Insurgency on the Rio Grande"においては、暴動はテハーノの人々自身の基本的な政治的諸権利と経済的未来の地方的支配を再確立することをゴールとする、組織化された政治的軍事的反乱として記述されている。
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A guerra do sal de San Elizario, também chamada de guerra das salinas de San Elizario ou Revolta das Salinas, foi um extenso e complexo conflito ocorrido na parte final do século XIX, envolvendo companhias que disputavam o controle de uma imensa área de abundante produção de sal, na base da montanha de Guadalupe no Oeste do Texas. O que se iniciou em 1866 como uma disputa política e uma batalha legal entre políticos texanos e empresários, terminou como uma disputa armada entre Mexicanos e Tejanos, que viviam as margens do Rio Grande, próximo de El Paso, contra lideranças políticas, que tinham o suporte dos Texas Rangers. O clímax do conflito ocorreu em um cerco realizado pela coalizão mexicano-tejana, formada por mais de 500 homens, que terminou com a rendição de 20 Texas Rangers, em San Elizario, Texas. A chegada da 9ª cavalaria americana e de autoridades do Novo México, terminou com uma cassada de Tejanos, que fugiram para o México, onde ficaram em permanente exilio. Em 1878 o conflito chegou ao fim, deixando cerca de 30 homens mortos, com o dobro de feridos.
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