Nuchal lines
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Nuchal_lines an entity of type: Thing
الخطوط القفوية (بالإنجليزية: Nuchal lines) هي أربعة خطوط منحنية على السطح الخارجي لصدفة العظم القذالي:
* الخط القفوي الأعلى (بالإنجليزية: highest nuchal line)
* الخط القفوي العلوي (بالإنجليزية: superior nuchal line)
* الخط القفوي الناصف (بالإنجليزية: median nuchal line)
* الخط القفوي السفلي (بالإنجليزية: inferior nuchal line)
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목덜미선(Nuchal lines)은 뒤통수뼈의 외부 표면에 있는 네 개의 휘어진 선이다.
* 맨위목덜미선(highest nuchal line): 가장 윗 부분이고, Mempin Line이라고도 불린다. (galea aponeurotica)이 여기에 부착되어있다.
* 위목덜미선(superior nuchal line): 맨위목덜미선 밑의 선이다. , 등세모근, 이 위목덜미선에 붙는다.
* 중간목덜미선(median nuchal line)
* 아래목덜미선(inferior nuchal line): 가장 아래의 목덜미선이다. , , 이 붙는다.
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項線（Nuchal lines）是枕骨外表面的四條曲線。
* 最高項線（英語：Highest nuchal line，拉丁語：Linea suprema），又稱Mempin線，附著於，通常不明顯。
* 上項線（Superior nuchal line）位於最高項線下方，頭夾肌、斜方肌 和枕肌附著於此。
* 中項線（Median nuchal line）位於，從上向外微微隆起，向下通往，供附著。
* 下項線（Inferior nuchal line）有、頭後大直肌和附著。
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Les lignes nuchales sont quatre lignes courbes sur la surface externe de l'écaille de l'os occipital.
* La ligne nuchale suprême ou ligne courbe occipitale suprême, souvent légèrement marquée, où s'attache l'aponévrose épicrânienne.
* La ligne nuchale supérieure ou ligne courbe occipitale supérieure est située sous la précédente entre la protubérance occipitale externe et le processus mastoïdien. Elle donne insertion dans sa partie médiane au muscle trapèze, et dans sa partie latérale au muscle splénius de la tête et au muscle sterno-cléido-mastoïdien
* La ligne nuchale inférieure ou ligne courbe occipitale inférieure se détache du milieu de la crête occipitale externe en direction du processus jugulaire. Son segment médial donne insertion au muscle petit droit postérieur de la tête. So
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The nuchal lines are four curved lines on the external surface of the occipital bone:
* The upper, often faintly marked, is named the highest nuchal line, but is sometimes referred to as the Mempin line or linea suprema, and it attaches to the epicranial aponeurosis.
* Below the highest nuchal line is the superior nuchal line. To it is attached, the splenius capitis muscle, the trapezius muscle, and the occipitalis.
* From the external occipital protuberance a ridge or crest, the external occipital crest also called the median nuchal line, often faintly marked, descends to the foramen magnum, and affords attachment to the nuchal ligament.
* Running from the middle of this line is the inferior nuchal line. Attached are the obliquus capitis superior muscle, rectus capitis posterior major
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Le linee nucali sono quattro linee curve sulla superficie esterna dell'osso occipitale:
* La superiore, spesso debolmente marcata, comunemente chiamata linea nucale alta (o suprema), cui si attacca la galea aponeurotica.
* Sotto la linea nucale alta abbiamo la linea nucale superiore. a questa sono attaccati il muscolo sternocleidomastoideo, il muscolo occipitale, il muscolo trapezio e lo splenio del capo.
* Dalla protuberanza occipitale esterna una cresta, spesso debolmente marcata, la linea nucale media (o cresta occipitale esterna), discende al forame magno e prende attacco al legamento nucale.
* Decorre dalla metà di questa linea la linea nucale inferiore. Vi sono attaccati il muscolo obliquo superiore della testa, il muscolo retto posteriore maggiore della testa e il muscolo retto
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خطوط قفوية
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Lignes nuchales
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Linee nucali
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목덜미선
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Nuchal lines
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項線
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Nuchal lines
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Nuchal lines
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4297284
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1017092541
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Side view of head, showing surface relations of bones.
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Occipital bone. Outer surface.
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Gray1193.svg
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الخطوط القفوية (بالإنجليزية: Nuchal lines) هي أربعة خطوط منحنية على السطح الخارجي لصدفة العظم القذالي:
* الخط القفوي الأعلى (بالإنجليزية: highest nuchal line)
* الخط القفوي العلوي (بالإنجليزية: superior nuchal line)
* الخط القفوي الناصف (بالإنجليزية: median nuchal line)
* الخط القفوي السفلي (بالإنجليزية: inferior nuchal line)
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The nuchal lines are four curved lines on the external surface of the occipital bone:
* The upper, often faintly marked, is named the highest nuchal line, but is sometimes referred to as the Mempin line or linea suprema, and it attaches to the epicranial aponeurosis.
* Below the highest nuchal line is the superior nuchal line. To it is attached, the splenius capitis muscle, the trapezius muscle, and the occipitalis.
* From the external occipital protuberance a ridge or crest, the external occipital crest also called the median nuchal line, often faintly marked, descends to the foramen magnum, and affords attachment to the nuchal ligament.
* Running from the middle of this line is the inferior nuchal line. Attached are the obliquus capitis superior muscle, rectus capitis posterior major muscle, and rectus capitis posterior minor muscle.
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Les lignes nuchales sont quatre lignes courbes sur la surface externe de l'écaille de l'os occipital.
* La ligne nuchale suprême ou ligne courbe occipitale suprême, souvent légèrement marquée, où s'attache l'aponévrose épicrânienne.
* La ligne nuchale supérieure ou ligne courbe occipitale supérieure est située sous la précédente entre la protubérance occipitale externe et le processus mastoïdien. Elle donne insertion dans sa partie médiane au muscle trapèze, et dans sa partie latérale au muscle splénius de la tête et au muscle sterno-cléido-mastoïdien
* La ligne nuchale inférieure ou ligne courbe occipitale inférieure se détache du milieu de la crête occipitale externe en direction du processus jugulaire. Son segment médial donne insertion au muscle petit droit postérieur de la tête. Son segment latéral donne insertion au muscle grand droit postérieur de la tête. Entre cette ligne et la ligne nuchale supérieure s’insère en dedans le muscle semi-épineux de la tête et en dehors le muscle oblique supérieur de la tête.
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목덜미선(Nuchal lines)은 뒤통수뼈의 외부 표면에 있는 네 개의 휘어진 선이다.
* 맨위목덜미선(highest nuchal line): 가장 윗 부분이고, Mempin Line이라고도 불린다. (galea aponeurotica)이 여기에 부착되어있다.
* 위목덜미선(superior nuchal line): 맨위목덜미선 밑의 선이다. , 등세모근, 이 위목덜미선에 붙는다.
* 중간목덜미선(median nuchal line)
* 아래목덜미선(inferior nuchal line): 가장 아래의 목덜미선이다. , , 이 붙는다.
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Le linee nucali sono quattro linee curve sulla superficie esterna dell'osso occipitale:
* La superiore, spesso debolmente marcata, comunemente chiamata linea nucale alta (o suprema), cui si attacca la galea aponeurotica.
* Sotto la linea nucale alta abbiamo la linea nucale superiore. a questa sono attaccati il muscolo sternocleidomastoideo, il muscolo occipitale, il muscolo trapezio e lo splenio del capo.
* Dalla protuberanza occipitale esterna una cresta, spesso debolmente marcata, la linea nucale media (o cresta occipitale esterna), discende al forame magno e prende attacco al legamento nucale.
* Decorre dalla metà di questa linea la linea nucale inferiore. Vi sono attaccati il muscolo obliquo superiore della testa, il muscolo retto posteriore maggiore della testa e il muscolo retto posteriore minore della testa.
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項線（Nuchal lines）是枕骨外表面的四條曲線。
* 最高項線（英語：Highest nuchal line，拉丁語：Linea suprema），又稱Mempin線，附著於，通常不明顯。
* 上項線（Superior nuchal line）位於最高項線下方，頭夾肌、斜方肌 和枕肌附著於此。
* 中項線（Median nuchal line）位於，從上向外微微隆起，向下通往，供附著。
* 下項線（Inferior nuchal line）有、頭後大直肌和附著。
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Linea nuchae
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3023