Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India

rdf:langString Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India

rdf:langString Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India

rdf:langString AIR 1978 SC 597; 1 SCC 248

rdf:langString Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India and Anr.

rdf:langString M. H. Beg , Y. V. Chandrachud, V. R. Krishna Iyer, P. N. Bhagwati, N. L. Untwalia, S. Murtaza Fazal Ali, P. S. Kailasam

rdf:langString Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, AIR 1978 SC 597, was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of India in which the Court significantly expanded the interpretation of Article 21 of the Constitution of India. It overruled A. K. Gopalan v. State of Madras, which had implied the exclusiveness of fundamental rights, and established a relationship between Articles 14, 19, and 21 of the Constitution (known as the 'golden triangle' or 'trinity'), holding that a law depriving a person of 'personal liberty' must not violate any of them. The decision also held, once again overruling A. K. Gopalan that a 'procedure' under Article 21 of the Constitution cannot be arbitrary, unfair, oppressive, or unreasonable. The decision had a significant influence on Indian constitutional law and has been described as the moment when the Supreme Court of India rejected "three decades of formalist interpretation, and inaugurated a new path where Courts would expand the rights of individuals against the State, instead of limiting or contracting them."

rdf:langString M. H. Beg , Y. V. Chandrachud, V. R. Krishna Iyer

rdf:langString P. N. Bhagwati