Flapping

rdf:langString Flapping

rdf:langString En-us-latter-ladder-flapped-unflapped.oga

rdf:langString En-us-seventy-voiceless-voiced-flapped.oga

rdf:langString En-us-winter-winner-flapped-unflapped.oga

rdf:langString Pronunciation of latter and ladder with and without flapping

rdf:langString Pronunciation of seventy with and without t-voicing, and with flapping

rdf:langString Pronunciation of winter and winner with and without flapping

rdf:langString speech

rdf:langString Flapping or tapping, also known as alveolar flapping, intervocalic flapping, or t-voicing, is a phonological process found in many varieties of English, especially North American, Cardiff, Ulster, Australian and New Zealand English, whereby the voiceless alveolar stop consonant phoneme /t/ is pronounced as a voiced alveolar flap [ɾ], a sound produced by briefly tapping the alveolar ridge with the tongue, when placed between vowels. In London English, the flapped [ɾ] is perceived as a casual pronunciation intermediate between the "posh" affricate [tsʰ] and the "rough" glottal stop [ʔ]. In some varieties, /d/, the voiced counterpart of /t/, may also be frequently pronounced as a flap in such positions, making pairs of words like latter and ladder sound similar or identical. In similar positions, the combination /nt/ may be pronounced as a nasalized flap [ɾ̃], making winter sound similar or identical to winner. Flapping of /t/ is sometimes perceived as the replacement of /t/ with /d/; for example, the word butter pronounced with flapping may be heard as "budder". In other dialects of English, such as South African English, Scottish English, some Northern England English (like Scouse), and older varieties of Received Pronunciation, the flap is a variant of /r/ (see Pronunciation of English /r/).