Extravillous trophoblast

rdf:langString Extravillous trophoblast

rdf:langString Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs), are one form of differentiated trophoblast cells of the placenta. They are invasive mesenchymal cells which function to establish critical tissue connection in the developing placental-uterine interface. EVTs derive from progenitor cytotrophoblasts (CYTs), as does the other main trophoblast subtype, syncytiotrophoblast (SYN). They are sometimes called intermediate trophoblast. EVTs that derive from CYT cells on the surface of placental chorionic villi that come into contact with the uterine wall - at the placental bed - begin to express the HLA-G antigen. These interstitial subtype of EVTs then have the ability to invade and implant into the maternal decidua, where they anchor the developing placenta. The endovascular EVTs remodel maternal spiral arteries to control blood perfusion and oxygenation in the developing placenta. EVT are a low-incidence (<5% of trophoblasts), but critical and multifunctional, subtype of trophoblast in the placenta.