Crown attorney
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Crown_attorney an entity of type: WikicatCanadianJudges
Crown attorneys or crown counsel (or, in Alberta and New Brunswick, crown prosecutors) are the prosecutors in the legal system of Canada. Crown attorneys represent the Crown and act as prosecutor in proceedings under the Criminal Code and various other statutes. Criminal prosecutions pursuant to federal statutes other than the Criminal Code, such as the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, the , and others, are generally (but not exclusively) conducted by the Public Prosecution Service of Canada, which also handles most narcotic case outside of Quebec and New Brunswick. There are similarities between this role and the procurator fiscal in Scotland, crown prosecutor in England and Wales and United States Attorney or district attorney in the United States. Crown attorneys are not elected. Th
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Le procureur de la Couronne (anglais: Crown Attorney ou Crown Counsel) est un avocat qui représente l'État dans le système judiciaire du Canada, notamment dans un contexte de procès pénal. Le procureur de la Couronne représente la Couronne dans les procédures de droit criminel et autres délits fédéraux, comme ceux à l'encontre de la Loi réglementant certaines drogues et autres substances. Lorsqu'on réfère à un avocat en particulier, et non de l'institution, on parle parfois d'un substitut du Procureur de la Couronne. Ce système fut conçu d'une façon similaire de celui du Royaume-Uni. La structure et l'organisation prennent aussi des éléments du système judiciaire américain.
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檢控官（英語：crown attorney，直译：官方受權人；在亞伯達省及紐賓士域省稱作crown prosecutor）是加拿大法律體系中的檢控人員。 檢控官代表官方根據加拿大《刑事法典》及其他相關法規在刑事訴訟中承擔檢控的職責。根據《刑事法典》以外的聯邦法規（例如《受管制藥物與物質法令》、《入息稅法令》等）提起的刑事訴訟則通常（但不限於）由加拿大檢控署提起。加拿大檢控署還處理魁北克省和紐賓士域省以外的大多數麻醉品案件。 這一角色與蘇格蘭的檢控官（procurator fiscal）、英格蘭及威爾斯的檢控官（crown prosecutor）以及美國的聯邦檢控官或地方檢控官有相似之處。檢控官不是選舉產生的。 他們屬於公務員，政府可以根據僱傭合約將他們免職。 雖然刑事法律的制定在加拿大屬於聯邦管轄範圍，但根據《刑事法典》的「釋義」（interpretation）部分，大多數刑事罪行的檢控（除育空地區、西北地區及努納武特地區之外）是省律政廳長及其副手的責任。因此，絕大多數檢控官受僱於加拿大的十個省。 由於加拿大的檢控官並非選舉產生的，加拿大的檢察系統通常被認為比其他系統較少受到政治動機影響。
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Crown attorney
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Procureur de la Couronne
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檢控官 (加拿大)
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Prosecutions in Canada are conducted in the name of the Crown
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150
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Crown counsel
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Profession
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Crown attorneys or crown counsel (or, in Alberta and New Brunswick, crown prosecutors) are the prosecutors in the legal system of Canada. Crown attorneys represent the Crown and act as prosecutor in proceedings under the Criminal Code and various other statutes. Criminal prosecutions pursuant to federal statutes other than the Criminal Code, such as the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, the , and others, are generally (but not exclusively) conducted by the Public Prosecution Service of Canada, which also handles most narcotic case outside of Quebec and New Brunswick. There are similarities between this role and the procurator fiscal in Scotland, crown prosecutor in England and Wales and United States Attorney or district attorney in the United States. Crown attorneys are not elected. They are civil servants and may be removed from their positions pursuant to their employment agreements. Although the enactment of criminal law is under federal jurisdiction in Canada, the prosecution of most Criminal Code offences—outside of Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut—is the responsibility of the provincial Attorneys General and their lawful deputies by virtue of the "interpretation" section of the Criminal Code. As a result, the vast majority of crown attorneys are employed by Canada's ten provinces. Lawyers who act on civil or administrative matters for the provincial Crown are not referred to as crown attorneys (Senior General Counsel, general counsel), or simply crown counsel although both criminal and civil attorneys generally report to the provincial Attorney-General's office. Lawyers who work for the Federal Ministry of Justice are often referred to as Crowns even if acting in civil matters. Moreover, lawyers, students-at-law and other persons who only represent the Crown on provincial offences matters (such as municipal by-law enforcement and traffic offences) are referred to as "provincial prosecutors" or "provincial offences attorneys" (POAs) rather than crown attorneys. Regardless of whether the prosecuted matter is a criminal offence or a provincial offence, crown Attorneys represent and argue on behalf of the Crown. In the province of Ontario, there is only one crown attorney appointed by the Attorney General per judicial district. The crown attorney is charged with supervising the office at the local level, and has a level of autonomy from the Attorney General's office. A crown attorney will then, in consultation with the Attorney General's office, hire assistant crown attorneys to further staff the office and prosecute offences. In this respect, Ontario functions similar to the US system of district attorneys and assistant district attorneys, although within the aspects of the Canadian legal system. As crown attorneys are not elected, the Canadian prosecutorial system is often seen as less politically motivated than other systems.
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Le procureur de la Couronne (anglais: Crown Attorney ou Crown Counsel) est un avocat qui représente l'État dans le système judiciaire du Canada, notamment dans un contexte de procès pénal. Le procureur de la Couronne représente la Couronne dans les procédures de droit criminel et autres délits fédéraux, comme ceux à l'encontre de la Loi réglementant certaines drogues et autres substances. Lorsqu'on réfère à un avocat en particulier, et non de l'institution, on parle parfois d'un substitut du Procureur de la Couronne. Ce système fut conçu d'une façon similaire de celui du Royaume-Uni. La structure et l'organisation prennent aussi des éléments du système judiciaire américain. Au Québec, le rôle de Procureur de la Couronne est assuré par le Directeur des poursuites criminelles et pénales depuis 2007. Bien que la juridiction du droit pénal appartienne au gouvernement fédéral, la poursuite de la plupart des infractions en vertu du Code criminel (sauf dans les territoires) est la responsabilité des procureurs généraux des provinces et leurs personnel. Cette responsabilité découle de la section 92(14) de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1867 et de la section d'interprétation du Code criminel.
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檢控官（英語：crown attorney，直译：官方受權人；在亞伯達省及紐賓士域省稱作crown prosecutor）是加拿大法律體系中的檢控人員。 檢控官代表官方根據加拿大《刑事法典》及其他相關法規在刑事訴訟中承擔檢控的職責。根據《刑事法典》以外的聯邦法規（例如《受管制藥物與物質法令》、《入息稅法令》等）提起的刑事訴訟則通常（但不限於）由加拿大檢控署提起。加拿大檢控署還處理魁北克省和紐賓士域省以外的大多數麻醉品案件。 這一角色與蘇格蘭的檢控官（procurator fiscal）、英格蘭及威爾斯的檢控官（crown prosecutor）以及美國的聯邦檢控官或地方檢控官有相似之處。檢控官不是選舉產生的。 他們屬於公務員，政府可以根據僱傭合約將他們免職。 雖然刑事法律的制定在加拿大屬於聯邦管轄範圍，但根據《刑事法典》的「釋義」（interpretation）部分，大多數刑事罪行的檢控（除育空地區、西北地區及努納武特地區之外）是省律政廳長及其副手的責任。因此，絕大多數檢控官受僱於加拿大的十個省。 為省政府處理民事及行政事務的律師不被稱為檢控官，而是稱為「官方律師」（crown counsel），儘管官方的刑事和民事律師通常都是向省律政廳或司法廳負責。為聯邦司法部工作的律師在庭上通常直接被稱為「官方」（the Crown），即使在民事事務中行事也是如此。此外，律師、見習律師及其他僅代表官方處理省級犯罪事務（例如市級執法和交通罪行）的人員被稱為「省級檢控員」（provincial prosecutor）或「省級罪行檢控人」（provincial offences attorney，簡稱POA）而不稱為檢控官。無論被起訴的事項是刑事罪行還是省級罪行，檢控官都代表官方參與辯論。在安大略省，每個司法區只有一名律政廳長任命的檢控官。檢控官負責監督地方一級的檢控，並在律政廳之外擁有一定程度的自治權。一名檢控官可與律政廳協商，聘請暫委檢控官（deputy crown attorney）及助理檢控官（assistant crown attorney）來進一步為官方檢控辦事處配備人員並起訴犯罪行為。在這方面，安大略省的檢控官制度類似於美國的地區檢控官和助理地區檢控官制度，這儘管屬於加拿大法律制度的範疇。 由於加拿大的檢控官並非選舉產生的，加拿大的檢察系統通常被認為比其他系統較少受到政治動機影響。
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Defence counsel, lawyer, judge
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