Ahmad ibn Hanbal

rdf:langString Ahmad ibn Hanbal

rdf:langString

rdf:langString Abū ʿAbdillāh Aḥmad Ibn Muḥammad Ibn Ḥanbal al-Dhuhli

rdf:langString

rdf:langString Imam Aḥmad

rdf:langString Abū ʿAbdillāh Aḥmad Ibn Muḥammad Ibn Ḥanbal al-Dhuhli

rdf:langString Baghdad, Iraq

rdf:langString Kitāb al-Sunnah

rdf:langString Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal

rdf:langString Radd ʿala’l-Ḏj̲ahmiyya wa’l-Zanādiḳa

rdf:langString Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal Shrine, Baghdad, Mesopotamia

rdf:langString Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate

rdf:langString November 780 CE

rdf:langString Rabi-ul-Awwal 164 AH

rdf:langString Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal's name in Arabic calligraphy

rdf:langString Imam Aḥmad's name in the style of Arabic calligraphy

rdf:langString Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate

rdf:langString Particularly jurists, theologians and mystics of the Hanbali school like Abu Dawood, ʻAbd Allāh ibn Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal, Harb ibn Ismail al-Kirmani, Al-Qadi Abu Ya'la, Ibn Aqil, Abdul-Qadir Gilani, Ibn al-Jawzi, Ibn Qudamah, Ibn Hamdan, Ibn Taymiyyah, Abdullah Ansari, Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, Ibn Rajab, Ibn Muflih, Mar'i al-Karmi, Sulayman ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, Asad al Hanbali, Badr al Deen al Hanbali

rdf:langString "Defender of Orthodoxy", "True Shaykh of Islam", "Proof of the Faith", "Seal of the Mujtahid Imams", "Reinforcer of the Religion", "One who Gathered the Knowledge of the First and the Last", "Guardian of the Prophet's Traditions", "Confirmer of Relics"

rdf:langString Tābiʿ al-Tābiʿūn

rdf:langString Jurist, Theologian, Hadith Traditionist, Maddhab Founder

rdf:langString Traditionalistic Sunni Islam .

rdf:langString Ahmad ibn Hanbal al-Dhuhli (Arabic: أَحْمَد بْن حَنْبَل الذهلي, romanized: Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal al-Dhuhlī; November 780 – 2 August 855 CE/164–241 AH), was a Muslim jurist, theologian, ascetic, hadith traditionist, and founder of the Hanbali school of Sunni jurisprudence — one of the four major orthodox legal schools of Sunni Islam. A highly influential and active scholar during his lifetime, Ibn Hanbal went on to become "one of the most venerated" intellectual figures in Islamic history, who has had a "profound influence affecting almost every area of" the traditionalist perspective within Sunni Islam. One of the foremost classical proponents of relying on scriptural sources as the basis for Sunni Islamic law and way of life, Ibn Hanbal compiled one of the most important Sunni hadith collections, the Musnad, which has continued to exercise considerable influence in the field of hadith studies up to the present time. Having studied fiqh and hadith under many teachers during his youth, Ibn Hanbal became famous in his later life for the crucial role he played in the Mihna, the inquisition instituted by the Abbasid Caliph al-Ma'mun towards the end of his reign, in which the ruler gave official state support to the Muʿtazilite dogma of the Quran being created, a view that contradicted the orthodox doctrine of the Quran being the eternal, uncreated Word of God. Suffering physical persecution under the caliph for his unflinching adherence to the traditional doctrine, Ibn Hanbal's fortitude in this particular event only bolstered his "resounding reputation" in the annals of Sunni history. Throughout Sunni Islamic history, Ibn Hanbal was venerated as an exemplary figure in all the traditional schools of Sunni thought, both by the exoteric ulema and by the mystics, with the latter often designating him as a saint in their hagiographies. The fourteenth-century hadith master al-Dhahabi referred to Ibn Hanbal as "the true Shaykh of Islām and leader of the Muslims in his time, the ḥadīth master and Proof of the Religion." In the modern era, Ibn Hanbal's name has become controversial in certain quarters of the Islamic world, because the Hanbali reform movement known as Wahhabism has cited him as a principal influence along with the thirteenth-century Hanbali reformer Ibn Taymiyyah. However it has been argued by certain scholars that Ibn Hanbal's own beliefs actually played "no real part in the establishment of the central doctrines of Wahhabism," as there is evidence, according to the same authors, that "the older Hanbalite authorities had doctrinal concerns very different from those of the Wahhabis," rich as medieval Hanbali literature is in references to saints, grave visitation, miracles, and relics. In this connection, scholars have cited Ibn Hanbal's own support for the use of relics as simply one of several important points upon which the theologian's opinions diverged from those of Wahhabism. Other scholars maintain that Ahmād Ibn Hānbal was "the distant progenitor of Wahhābism" who also immensely inspired the conservative reform movement of Salafiyya.

rdf:langString Shaykh al-Islām,Imam