Adenovirus early region 1A

rdf:langString Adenovirus early region 1A

rdf:langString Adenovirus early region 1A (E1A) is a gene expressed during adenovirus replication to produce a variety of E1A proteins. It is expressed during the early phase of the viral life span. E1A encodes two major proteins in Ad5, translated after alternative splicing of the viral DNA transcript, that are able to cause a variety of different effects in mammalian cells. The proteins encoded by E1A tend to localize in the nucleus and affect genetic regulation by the host cell. After viral infection, they stimulate expression of other viral genes and can either enhance or repress expression of cellular genes depending on cellular context and coordination with other viral genes. The addition of E1A DNA into cells may cause adverse biological effects, such as increasing p53 expression, stimulating DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression in quiescent cells, and inhibiting differentiation. It has been considered an oncogene. It can also behave as a tumour suppressor gene.